Executive Summary

Russian influence operations increasingly employ generative AI and create new organisations that mimic trusted outlets and institutions to sustain and expand their campaigns. Recent campaigns such as DoppelGänger and the Pravda Network highlight Russia’s long-term strategy to invade the information domain and influence AI models. At the same time, the creation of the Global Fact-Checking Network (GFCN) in April 2025 clearly illustrates the new Kremlin’s tactic of imitating Western fact-checking and media literacy tools to spread Russian propaganda globally. Despite the GFCN’s claims of independence from the government, it is promoted by the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.