Israel has conducted extensive information operations to control the narrative surrounding its military actions in Gaza. These operations encompass a wide range of tactics, from physical infrastructure disruption to sophisticated digital manipulation. Since the outbreak of hostilities on 7 October 2023, Israel has employed strategies to limit information flow from Gaza, influence public opinion through social media, and pressure tech platforms to suppress pro-Palestinian content. These operations have occurred alongside intense military operations, resulting in significant civilian casualties and infrastructure damage in Gaza. The information warfare tactics have raised concerns among human rights organisations and media watchdogs about freedom of expression, access to information, and the ability to document potential war crimes in the conflict zone.

Key Judgement 1.  It is highly likely that Israel has put substantial effort in avoiding information flow out of Gaza. 

Key Judgement 2. It is highly likely Israel and its supporters have manipulated information to gain support on the internet and social media. 

Key Judgement 3. It is highly likely Israel has lobbied social media platforms to decrease the visibility of anti-Israel content.