Executive Summary

Over the past two years, the Turkish government made significant shifts in its foreign policy approach. It has integrated intelligence-oriented figures into key diplomatic positions both at home and abroad. This strategic realignment has blurred the lines between traditional diplomacy and intelligence operations. Reflecting a broader securitisation of Turkish foreign policy, we do not see any indications that this trend will reverse anytime soon.

This evolution aligns with Turkey’s growing emphasis on geopolitical manoeuvring, covert operations, and additionally, diplomatic intelligence collection. Reports indicate an increased role of Turkish embassies and consulates in the surveillance of dissidents, intelligence-gathering on opposition groups, and coordination with the Turkish National Intelligence Organization (MIT) for extraterritorial operations, particularly in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa.

Images Sourced From: Middle East Forum, TT, Nordic Monitor, TEBA Ajansi