Executive Summary

The International Criminal Court (ICC) meets significant challenges in enforcing its decision due to a lack of consistency in compliance among its member states. Recent warrants of arrest towards high-profile leaders such as Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Myanmar’s military ruler Min Haung Hlaing have shown divisions in the international community. Some ICC member states have expressed support and full compliance, while others have actively resisted. The situation raises questions about the legitimacy and enforcement power held by the ICC. Furthermore, US criticism of some recent ICC warrants and support for others demonstrates the diplomatic dynamics involved. US support for investigations of Russia’s actions in Ukraine highlights the potential for more collaboration, even with non-signatory states.