Executive Summary
Tensions in Western Sahara between Algeria and Morocco continue, with the involvement of the Polisario Front and alliances and cooperation with the United States and Russia. The dynamics involve an ongoing arms race and increasing military and geopolitical tensions, proving the regional dynamics deserve careful attention. A potential increase in intelligence operations and cyber capabilities signals a shift towards a more technologically advanced rivalry. Furthermore, the involvement of the US and Russia adds a proxy component to the conflict and strengthens competition between Algeria and Morocco. The longstanding dispute over Western Sahara continues to drive hostility and influence the regional landscape entering into 2025.
Images Sourced From: National Museum of the USAF
